Leonurine attenuates fibroblast-like synoviocyte-mediated synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

Abnormal PTPN11 enhancer methylation promotes rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte aggressiveness and joint inflammation.

The PTPN11 gene, encoding the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) compared with osteoarthritis (OA) FLS and promotes RA FLS invasiveness. Here, we explored the molecular basis for PTPN11 overexpression in RA FLS and the role of SHP-2 in RA pathogenesis. Using computational methods, we identified a putative enhancer in PTPN...

Fibroblast-like synoviocyte metabolism in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis

An increasing number of studies show how changes in intracellular metabolic pathways alter tumor and immune cell function. However, little information about metabolic changes in other cell types, including synovial fibroblasts, is available. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are the most common cell type at the pannus-cartilage junction and contribute to joint des...

Toll-like receptors in rheumatoid arthritis joint destruction mediated by two distinct pathways.

N ovel therapies, in particular biological agents, have resulted in major breakthroughs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, none of the new and promising biologicals has resulted in an American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 70 above 50%, and none of them has shown sustained benefit after termination of therapy. These results are based on the fact that all these agents target...

MMPs and rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts: Siamese twins in joint destruction?

Cytokine-Mediated Bone Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Bone homeostasis, which involves formation and resorption, is an important process for maintaining adequate bone mass in humans. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and bone loss, leading to joint destruction and deformity, and is a representative disease of disrupted bone homeostasis. The bone loss and joint destruction are mediated by immunological...